EFSA procijenila siguran unos kofeina

Na zahtjev Europske komisije, EFSA-in Znanstveni odbor za dijetetske proizvode, prehranu i alergije (NDA) izradio je Znanstveno mišljenje o sigurnosti kofeina, u kojem je procijenjen akutni i dnevni unos kofeina koji ne predstavlja rizik za opću zdravu populaciju. Zahtjev je uslijedio nakon što su pojedine zemlje članice EU iskazale zabrinutost zbog štetnih učinaka konzumacije kofeina na zdravlje.
Mišljenje daje savjet o konzumaciji kofeina iz svih izvora u prehrani (kava, čajevi, čokolada, bezalkoholna pića koja sadrže kofein, uključujući i tzv. energetska pića) u kombinaciji s tjelesnim aktivnostima, o mogućem riziku od konzumacije kofeina u kombinaciji s alkoholom i s drugim tvarima koje se nalaze u tzv. energetskim pićima te s p-synephrineom, tvari koja se nalazi u dodacima prehrani.

Procjena je dovršena nakon zaprimanja opsežnih komentara od strane zemalja članica EU, udruženja potrošača, industrije i ostalih zainteresiranih strana, koji su prikupljeni tijekom dvomjesečnih javnih konzultacija putem weba i sastanka s dionicima u Bruxellesu.

Ovo je prva procjena rizika od kofeina iz svih prehrambenih izvora na razini EU.

Glavni izvor kofeina u prehrani odraslih je kava, procjenjuje se da se dnevni unos u zemljama članicama EU kreće od 0.5 do 4.6 mg kofeina/kg t.m, kod adolescenata je to čokolada (0.4 do 1.4 mg/kg t.m.), a kod djece čokolada, čajevi i bezalkoholnih pića (od 0.2 do 2 mg/kg t.m.).

S obzirom na dostupne podatke iz studija o djelovanju kofeina na kardiovaskularni sustav, centralni živčani sustav (npr. nesanica i nervoza) te moguće rizike po zdravlje fetusa kod trudnica, EFSA-in Odbor je donio sljedeće zaključke:

Jednokratna doza kofeina od 200 mg (oko 3 mg/kg t.m.) iz svih izvora ne predstavlja rizik po zdravlje zdravih odraslih osoba, a ista količina se može primijeniti i za djecu i adolescente. Ista količina kofeina ne predstavlja rizik kada se konzumira manje od dva sata prije intenzivne tjelovježbe u normalnim okolišnim uvjetima.
Jednokratna doza kofeina od 100 mg (oko 1.4 mg/kg t.m.) može utjecati na dužinu spavanja kod nekih odraslih osoba, posebice kada se konzumira neposredno prije spavanja.
Dnevni unos do 400 mg (oko 5.7 mg/kg t.m.) konzumiran tijekom dana, ne predstavlja rizik po zdravlje zdravih odraslih osoba, izuzev trudnica.
Dnevni unos kofeina iz svih izvora do 200 mg konzumiran tijekom dana, ne predstavlja rizik za fetus, odnosno trudnice i dojilje.
Konzumacija ostalih sastojaka energetskih pića u koncentracijama uobičajenim za takve napitke ne utječe na sigurnost konzumacije jednokratne doze kofeina do 200 mg.
Konzumacija alkohola u dozama do 0.65 g/kg t.m., koja dovodi do količine alkohola u krvi od 0.8 promila (što se u većini zemalja smatra dozom s kojom je zabranjeno upravljanje motornim vozilom), ne utječe na sigurnost konzumacije jednokratne doze kofeina do 200 mg. Iznad te doze, kofein može utjecati na percepciju o stanju opijenosti.

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EFSA procijenila siguran unos kofeina

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EFSA procijenila siguran unos kofeina

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